Electrical signaling system.



Patented Sept. 5,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

r 1 .ma

E. EHRHARDT.

ELECTRICAL SIGNALING SYSTEM.

NATION HLED AUG.4,1914.

E. EHRHARDT.

ELECTRICAL SIGNYALING SYSTEM. APPucmoN mlb Aue.4.1914.

1 ,1 97,273. PatentodSept'. 5, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

EBWI'NE;IEHARDT, 0F WAIDM'ANNsLUsT,' NEAR EERiiN, GERMANY, `ss rei\ion"ro fsIEMENs sa HALSKE A.G., 0E SIEMENS STADT, NEAR BERLIN,"GER1\IANY, A`=COR ELECTRICAL SIGNALING SYSTEM.

insects.' i

. Specification of Letters Iatent.

Patenten sepais; i are.,

Appiication fue@ August i914. serial N5. a`54,e9i

'Be it known that I, EnwiNfEHiiiiARnT','

:"Geiiii'an citizen, and resident -of Waid- @whi'ch vthe following is a specification. l

trolling certain operations from .a distance` `This invention relates to an electrical sigi naling preferablytelephone system comprising .-.an apparatusfor electrically conby'. means of oscillatory elements, such as a grayity pendulum, or a; spring controlled ,i tion and -which` swing in synchronism with each other forinfluencing contact elementsoscillatory member which are provided at the receivingstationand at the sending stawhich etect said operations. ,v

v,In .practice .the synchronism of. two freely` swinging ,oscillating elements cannot be -maintained with absoluteaccuracy, for afditl'cientand varying with the time and.

4ter af'certain .number of oscillations a discrepancy -in the swinging of the tweele-` Aments will. beinevitable The reason for this is. partly due to *the-.factthat the frictional resistancein the several devices is partlybecause it isy .not possible to attain absolutely identical vmasses or lengths of the oscillatory` members or the same tension ofl the springs fon driving the same and so rvOrfth. i

According to this invention the aforemem ticned disadvantage is avoided in employ"- ing apparatus for preventing an injurious 'add-ing up of the small discrepancies'which occu'r during each'oscillation of the systems. -tlflhisfifs done by automatically locking the oscillatory members after a. certain short. fti-iiief so that theI diversities -of'oscillation ju-'hich have taken place in the meanwhile f will not exert an iniuri'ous influenceon the voperation to be controlled at adistance. AAlfter Vthe systems have thus been locked` f thesanie 'are'agai'ii released simultaneously, so that the process'of oscillation will repeat itself. This locking and releasingof the foscillatory members is carried on in periodi-A cal alternation. so that these Ymembers will'- practically swing in' absolute f synchronism.

` [t"will beadvantageousto lock `the mempractically witl'ioutL any fett .nia'niislus t,."near Berlin,` Germany, have invented certain new and useful I iiiprove-- finents in Electrical ASignaling Systems, of

lat/lon, S0 :i

iii-artisans of the two members will be all aslto be V .Siicli oscillating members ycorr'iprijs cliieyfftwo types;k one, synchronously A .osci latirig Lgray;

ity pendulums and'the'otliertypefoscillat# Uravdo lthis it would' be necessary tofproyide these pendulums Withlieavy in cider are considerable onI wipiiig feontac s' and which materially allectf t. l i e` "sy eration of the penduluinmeinberfs fore in practice, the use of grawty'peiidulums has limits far below th actness which must. be require iforaiirange- Yments for transmitting .signals V4orftbfg like.

To overcome these disadvantagesT eniploy according to the present invention;oscilla,- tory members, which are' operatedlf spring power; for inst-'ancestrong springs may be employed and i the momentum of inertia. of the swinging masses rendered smallsothat a greater number of oscillations;obtained. Also in spring-operatedgoscillatory ,niem- Abers the rictional resistances can`b'e1 i riade `to exert onlya small ,influence. .,Eurtheik more with oscillatory rnenibersopeiiated by spring power the motion. ofi` the vvContact makingparts can take ..pl z ice in the same direction in contradistinctio toftheoscillati ing motion of the grayitytiperitlulurn, and the contacts may be, made .stronggA The iniention 'may be employedgn lvarious ways orilong distancetransrnissilgnof signals.; Forinstance, it. niaybe e r np,loyed in felegarh type-Printing Qr. kindred ,apra- `ratus son for-*closing lampetant-acts.oia giving OthCFSg-'Dals at a distance. I :g

ln the ,accon'ipanying Ad r2i.t\f-i [gsl have shown an applicationgofgmy invention to a system for making signals throiiglivlamps. In these drawings;,-Figureglshows two oscillating systems; f operated power, .and the :connections between; the systems, Fig.v2 shoWs'a,detailed-hiltView of the oscillating meinber at the receiving station, lig. 3 shows a side view and Fig. 4

-shows a. 'plan view of .the member shown in F 2, illustratingseveral constructional detai s.

Inn Fig. 1 the spring-operated oscillatory devices of the sending station and the receiving station are provided with a casing 43 which is mounted in'bearings 40 and 41 upon the axle IV, as shown' in Fig. 2, so that said casing is rotatable around the latter. A spiral spring 44 is arranged in the interior of said casing, one of the ends of said spring being connected to the axle lV and the other of its ends being fixed at the casing, asV shown in Fig. 3. A locking detent 45 is provided at the axle, which detent retains in a. certain position the axle IV by means of locking levers 46 and 47. In this position the spiral spring 44 is kept under tension by an advance of the spring casing 43 whichA amounts to little more than a half-revolution, in which positionthis casing is held by a coupling pin 48, as show-n in Fig. 2, the purpose of which is more fully explained below. If thereupon an electro-magnet 50 controlling the locking lever 47 :is excited by a short current impulse, the lever 47 Vwill release the locking detent 45and the'spring 44 is'permitted to transmit rotation to the axle IV in the direction shown by the arrow.

The axle W- carries a fly-wheel 51, as shown in Fig. 2, which-stores up the energy given ofi' by the spiral spring 44 and transmits the same again to the axle W and the spring as soon -as the latter has come into condition of no-tension.- vThe axle accordlution the locking at the detent 45 by the levers 46 and 47 will again take place in an automatic manner.Y

During the rotation of the axle a contact arm 59., as shown in Figs. l and 2, which is mounted upon. the axle W slides over the segments of a contact disk 53 for giving-oil' and receiving `the impulsesotI a signaling current passing through the transmission line L L. as more fully explained below.

In order to restore the original condition of the spring 44 after each revolution ol the axle iV, so that at cach releasing the same procedure will repeat itself and more particularly in the same direction "ot' motion. a device is employed which permits the spring casing 43 to be rotated to t'ollow the spring for again winding up the same. This dcvicc consists oi' a' second axle il", as shown in Vig. 2, whichis mounted inl bearings 55,

ed upon the axle of a motor ($0, as shown in 'F ig. 4. The motor is controlled b v a frictional locking device 62 acting upon a disk 61, so that said motor is prevented from ro tating in backward direction, thus causing the axle V to be permanently under the influence ofthe spring 54. .The circuit for the motor leads over the contacts 43?, b4 which ordinarily are open, and which are closed as soon asA the tension of the spring decreases by a certain amount, so that the motor is 4caused to rotate, thereby again causing'the spring to be wound up. For this purpose a lever 65 carrving a contact is provided in the path of" motion ot a sleeve 6G which is splined to axle il" so that it is displaceable in axial direction but not rotatable thereon. This sleeve carries an outer thread with which the' inner thread of the spring casing 57 meshes. As the casing is undisplaceable upon the axle W in axial direction, the sleeve (i6 during rotation of the casing displaces itself in axial direction in suchva manneethat at a definite amount of release of the spring power of the spring the sleeve GG moves the lever G5 and closes the circuit for the motor. IAssociated with the axle IV is furthermore a locking device 70. 71, 72. as shown in Fig. 1- which essentially corresponds to the locking device, which has above been described for controlling the ,axle v A {iv-licei 7? is also provided, as shown in Fig. L). which carries a pin '48. This pin together with a projccy tion 74 at the spring casing 423 of the Iirst axle IV represents a rigid coupling between the axle il" and the spring casing lil.

The common operation of the two axles and springs is as follo\vs:-If the axle -W is released by the lever '47 the detent 45 presses for one instant the lever 4G downward Vbefore it is locked b v the same during the end of the operation. This lever thereby temporarily closes a contact 75, 76 therewith causing' a current impulse over the locking magnet 77 of the second axle IV. This axle is thereby also released and makes one revolution whereb)v by means of the coupling 75l. 4S. 74. 43 it gives an opportunity to this spring 44 of' the. first axle IV to -ner iii every i spring isrrern time; to

)Hung in man t is attained tl'izit ie iill original position is reached., The fi lditiennl energy which is given olif by tl Second time supplier by the motor 60.

The eleetrical eperation taking plziee dining the signaling ,can be seen from 1. At the sending gtatienthere'- are agninthree keyS T1, T2, T3 'to which therelays R1,

' R2, R3 correspond the. .reeeiying station If, for instance the key T2 be pressed. down- .wardfn contact-8O is Closed which is itgirst without any eHeCt. As soon aS, hQwe v er, the

' neighboring cO- lilt'lcL-is clo'sed'l-Qv the key,

{r2-and the sending and receiring station, as above pointed out.. tliei'elenging n'izigiiet 77 .is efeited und therewith `t lie zixle YVIiS Set -in` 'rotation thus causing. the 'springs t0 be sliding brush y82?,-ther-.liruslfi arm :32, Segment .O ef the disk, contact 8, through the body of. the key and tlirongh the Winclin'gv of zi relny'll. This relaypessesse tiro arin'ziture-s AS3, .Slwhich fire attracted Sii'nnltaneeusly upon excitation .of thesanie, therewith clostzict :it a condenser 79 is Charged frei-rn a battery 67 over the relensingmagnet 50 ef the Aaxle XV angl therewith.this axle is released. At the Seine time by n ieki'ngcon- -tactfat 86.@ euriengflQW-S from si. batt-ery 68 lover the trzinsinissipn 1L L2 -a n'd 'relay `-zclosestlile contact whereby ai c iirrent is mused-t0 'flow from a 'latterf (58 Oi-'er the feentffiet erin-520i tliereeeiyerhthe segment 35 0. thereof, zieonclenser. 8 8 V 'and the releieing magnet- 3572-01?. itheaxle 3V et theY eeeiifezz [n this case nl sothe axle W isiendered free and both Contact arrns @f fthe eeillntory ..in'enibe'r of the sending n ncl receiving s tation.. will now 1synchrononsly -c ontziet over `the segments'of the e0nt;icting disk 53. At

the end of therevolution Of the eQnt-aet'rrnis @renin wound up forv the si bsjeqnent transi Sion of. n. signal. o icle'r tribe able to' employ the discharge Current if the bondensers-79 end SG vfor en clinen'f revolution of the Contact arms 52 and tlie'et\cit:itip1i of By making cendonner-:"1are.bridgedliy high r eSis/ tncreT vover .which they gradually .discharge dim' ing;f .the revolution ofthe Conta-et arms.' Y Con nected--witli the Segments? 12229 of the re- V.the keyfl M- the. sending. '.clorvii-ii'aid dnringvthe Con -tlielSC-gmen 1- -nnd current iiinpjii'lse Viiectecl to .the incandescent liiiiip l'9,' QCD AS it-ion ie pressed cting' 'process of" it -thegsending station. a Sec-4 he sentfdiertheg,trrnsmiegien line Ll sind L2;

' 20', thus Causing 'ii-he Q' the Catches Oi' lzfivyls. 90v

ei'igngenient"with the4 vreceiving Stnt'imi.- :in oscillatory.jincnihei zes'- 'nnisses or'A Said nieniliers --lieing Sn iliineiv ne described beni'iects the ar lt by the @nient 21.5

om underneath and the eflieing then 16g-lied 70 :rf 131i wl In this the 'reir n'oriis with con "iler-able'retzirdnti'en,liso

W5 soenited'witn @zich of Suid @entire-t.:sstcnmfi `,for operating the Sinne 'inspin-ihrenrain. ife- .lensing' means permitting :i Srnniltfaiieetne re .lensef Snirl QSCillnt-ory.-nienilwi-:s:from the rio tru nein nt :the Sending :ind i contact-s crivmj; Station. an oscillate for Operating, the sinne in .s rnrhrumeni...rrleiising means permitting :i.siimiltniwm-i5- release @fis-:iid @willi-iter): meifnlaeij-l'mnnthc sending Stninn. lui-king-fnnzin.fin-f lngliing: s irl inen'iliers after :i iu'mlefel'iniiurl'Linie of sioned that said members will swing in a t'ull or approximately full reviiliition.

3. In a System for electric"transmission of signals, the combination ot' a contact system at the sending and a contact system at the receiving station, an oscillatory member associated with each of said contact systems for `operating the same in synclironisin, i'eleasing means permitting a simultaneous release of lsaid oscillatorymembers from the sending station, locking means for locking said members after a predetermined time of swinging, springs for operating said members.l the power of said springs and the masses of said members beingso dimensioiied that said members will swing in a' full or approximately full revolution, and means for periodically imparting a tension to saidl springs in imi-directional sense after: each oscillation of said lmembers,whereby unijdirectioiial motionv will be periodically` imparted thereto.

-L In a system for electric transmission of signals. the combination of a contact system at the sending and a Contact system at the receiving station, an oscillatory member associated with each of said contact systems for operating the saine inV synchronism, releasing means permitting a .simultaneous release of said osciilatory members from the sending station` locking means for locking said members, after apiedetermined time of swinging, springs for operating said. niembers, the power cf said springs and the masses of said members being so dimensioiied that said n'iemberswill swing in a iulliorl approximate ly full revolution, means for periodically'im parting a tension to vsaid springs in uni-directional sense after each oscillation ofvsaid members, whereby unidirectional motion will be periodically imparted thereto, said latter means consisting 1of an axle for changing the direction ofthe y tension of said springs, and coupling means ing a tension to said springs in uni-directional sense after each oscillation of said members, said latter means consisting ot` :in axle for changing the direction of the tension of said springs, coupling means inserted be tween said springs and said axle, said axle being. further adapted to simultaneously 1 A. Sil

convey to said members an amount ofencrgy which had been previously lost by *'rictioii.

(i. In a System for electric transmission of signals, the combination of a contact system at the sending and a contact system at the. receiving station, an oscillatory member associated with each ot' said contact systems for operating the same in synchronism, releasing means permitting a simultaneous rcleaSe of said oscillatory members from the sending station, lockingmeans for locking Said members after a predetermined time of swinging, springs for operating said menibers in a full or approximately full revolution, means for periodically imparting ay tension to said springs in uni-directional sense after each oscillation of said memlwrs, said latter means consisting of an axle for changing the directionof the tension of said springs, coupling means inserted between Said springs and said axle, said axle being constructed to make at the same time contacts for the simultaneous reproduction of the signals received during the swinging of said members.

7. Inga system for electric transmission of signals, the combination of a contact system at'the sending and a contact system at the receiving station, an oscillatory member associated with each of said contact systems for operating tliesame in synchronism, releasing means'permittingr a simultaneous release of said oscillatory members from the sending station, locking means for locking said members after a predetermined time of swinging, springs for operating said niembers in a full or approximately full revolution, means for periodically imparting a. tension to said springs in uni-directional sense after each oscillation of said members.l said latter means consistingof an axle for ch nging the direction of the tension of Lilyfsprings, coupling means insertedbetween ,said springs and said axle, said axle ,being constructed as freely movable flywheel body and adapted to receive its inotion from said springs, and a separate source of power for imparting an additional. force to said springs.

8. In a system for electric transmission of signals, the combination of a contact system at the sending and a contact system at tlie receiving station, an oscillatory meinber, associated with each of saidl contact systems for operatingr the same in svnchronism, releasing means permitting a simultaneous release of said oscillatory members from the Ysending station. locking means for locking said members after a predetermined time of swinging. springs for operating sai'd members in a full or approximately full revolution, means for periodically imparting a tension to said springs in uni-directional sense after each oscillation of' said members, said latter means consisting of an axle for changing the direction of the tension of said my vsignature in the presence of two subsprings, coupling means inserted between scribmg witnesses. sind springs und said nXle, and motor ine-uns T 1 u for periodically imparting a moving force ERVIB kHIHhDT' 5 to said axle after the tension of said springs ll'vitnesses:

has attained a minimum value. HENRY HASPER,

In witness whereof I have hereunto set lVoLDEMAR HAUPT. 

